Improvement in electro-magnetic apparatus



UNITED STATES SAMUEL GARDINER, JR., OF NEN YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT lN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 116,944, dated July 11, 1871.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL GARDINER, Jr., of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements inElectro-Magnetic Apparatus, of which the following is a specication:

My invention relates to an apparatus in which Jwe 0r more electro-magnets are employed, connected by a wire, to form a continuous circuit to give a motion by which a cock may be turned to regulate the supply ot' gas for illuminating purposes; and consists of two or more electro magnets arranged opposite each other in such a manner as to act in reverse of each other to give a certain motion for purposes just mentioned.

Figure 1 is a side elevation with two otl the helices removed. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line x x.

Similar letters ot reference refer to correspondingparts in all the gures.

B B are electro-magnets placed opposite each other, one with the head up, which, when oper- Jated, gives a downward motion; the other with the head down, which gives an upward motion. These electroanagnets are formed in the usual manner, with the' arinaflrers C wrapped with copper coils covered with some non-conducting material, forming the helices b b. D l) are guide-rods at the head of the magnets, which pass through openings inv the armatures and form guides to them in their vertical movement. Between the helices, and parallel with their axes, are rods E E attached rmly to the armatures C C at the heads of the magnets, and pass through them at their foot, and are secured with adjustable collar-screws a to brin the armatures to their proper places in rela-tion to the ratchetwheel I. Spiral sprin II H encircling the rods E E have their bearings on the shoulders 7iy 7L. These springs serve to return the armatures (l C to their proper' places when the magnetic current is intercepted. The rods E E have metal heads M, to which are attached the catches k k, which work on axles and have their bearings against the iiat springs g q attached to the rods E E. The springs g g press the catches k it' continuously against the teeth in the ratchet-wheel I, and cause the motion of the wheel in the diree tion of the arrow when the armatures are acted upon by the influence of the magnets. The hook is attached to the armature C to limit the motion of the wheel I when it is Tele/USM from the catches 7a k. The iiat spring L, attwhed t0 the ,.bber hte el revents the backward movement ot the wheel when the armature is T616/H5011 flOm the electro-m agnet. The axis ot the HLChC'C--Whl terms a spindle, to the end of which S ltlwhed 2l hand or indica-tor to show the exten'D 0f motion made by the wheel. At the hack of the mllChGtwheel I is a table running vertically with the 000k A at the end ot' the shaft of the ratchQtWhGGl, which is turned wh en the ratchet-wheel 1S lll 11'10- tion to regulate the flow of gas. To the tub@ 21T@ secured rubber plates, above and below til@ mag" nets, to serve as non-conductors- The aplfllllus is surmounted by a gas-burner with a w11'e 0011 passing over it and communicating with the electro-magnets by a continuous copper wire which serves to illustrate the application of the invention.

The operation ot the above-described aDPibratus may be briciiy explained. The two magnets are placed on opposite sides of the ratchetwheel, with the armature ot' one of the magnets reversed so as to give an upward motion to the rod having the catch, while the other being in reverse gives a downward motion, which allows the catches operating against the wheel to act simultaneously. The two electro-magnets being placed in one continuous circuit, by this arrangement of the magnets I gain a large percent-age over the use of a single magnet; as, per experiment, I applied. forty cells ot` battery to move successfully a stop-cock of four inches diameter by six inches in length. By adding another electro-magnet, and placing it on the opposite side of the ratchet-wheel and connecting the two magnets to work in a single circuit, I found that ten. cells would work the stop-cock better than forty cells with only one magnet. The two mag nets placed and working opposite each other reduced the friction of the cock and very much lessened the expense of battery-power'. For street-lighting the magnets may be made very small, and the cost of the eXtra magnets would rate as two dollars against a batterypower costing (when one magnet was used) fifty dollars. The helices are magnetized and neutralized, or the circuit is formed and sus iended in the ordinary manner. When iniiuenced by the magnets, the armatures are drawn against the helices, and the sliding rods E E are advanced in the direction of the Wheel I, which causes the catches to give a partial rotation to the wheel and therehY turn the cook to ay corresponding extent. By continuing the motion of the wheel the gas may he turned off or on at pleasure.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Two or more electro-magnets, placed opposite each other and so connected as to be operated by one circuit, in Combination With the rachet-Wheel I, the pawls or catches m, Spiral springs H, adjustable collar-screws n, rods E and retaining-Springs g, for turningr on and ot'f' the gas of street-lamps or other gas-ixtures hy eleetrieity, arranged as deserbed, for the purpose set forth.

2. Two or more pairs of electro-magnets arran ged in one circuit, and operating snniltaneously upon a ratchet-Wheel or its equivalent, as and for the purpose set forth.

SAML. GARDINER, JR. Titnesses EDW. W. DOME, TUE. G. BREoI-rr. 

